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The 7th Grade Standards Review
by Michael Ma (class of 2005 -2006)

7.1 Students analyze the causes and effects of the vast expansion and ultimate disintegration of the Roman Empire.
1. Roman Empire fell because of decline of moral and values, corruption of political value, and military strategy. 2. Weaknesses in the Roman Empire included over taxation, barbarian invasions, and corruption in the government, borders too vast to protect and manage, and food shortages. 3. Before the fall of Rome, they contributed the rise of Christianity, art, architecture, engineering, and philosophy.

7.2 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of civilization of Islam in the Middle Ages.
1. People formed tribes to survive through the desert. Towns grew up around oases. 2. Seasons affected the nomad's lives Water determined where people gathered and what route they took. 3. Islam contributions include Algebra, Zoology, irrigation, chess, calligraphy, and polo. 4. The five pillars of Islam include profession of faith, pray five times a day, giving alms, fasting, and Hag. 5. Mecca was an important trade center, because of a natural oasis, sacred meeting place, Kaaba was the site of the first mosque. 6. Muhammad was the prophet of the religion.

7.3 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the civilization of China in the Middle Ages.

1. During the Han Dynasty Confucianism was the main religion. Han dynasty fell to invaders. After, Buddhism became the main religion.

2.During Tang/Song dynasties the meritocracy system was used where promotion was based on achievement and performance. These dynasties also brought trade at its peak. Look at pg. 205 Tang and Song: Trade Routes and Canals in your social studies textbook.

3. Despite the size of the Great Wall it didn't protect China. Most workers died while working on the Wall.

4. During Mongol rule the Ming dynasty overthrew them.

5. Sui dynasty accepted the three religions of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism.

6. Qing dynasty made China double in size.

7.4 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the Sub Saharan civilizations of Ghana and Mali in Medieval Africa.

1.The people of Ghana formed social classes and trade networks.

2.Sudiata (king of mali) on improving agriculture. Mali's economy was based on trade.

3.The Sahra southern border is known as the sahel or shore of the desert.

4.The Nok were the first West Africans to make iron. The Nok found practical uses for iron such as, spears and iron tools.

5.West Africans had a plentiful supply of gold but not salt. Salt was needed in their diet since their body looses it through perspiration.

7.5 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the civilizations of Medieval Japan.

1. Mountain and hills cover most of Japan, leaving only 20 percent to farmers.

2. The early religion of Japan was Shinto. Believing that the natural world is filled with divine spirits.

3.The samurai's practiced Buddhism and Shintoism. The knights prayed to Jesus Christ.

4. Medieval Japan used a form of feudalism.

5. Medieval Japan was similar to Medieval Europe because they used a code of conduct called chivalry and bushido. Chivalry was a code of conduct for knights that praised courtesy, honor, defending the weak, and loyalty to one's lord. Bushido was a samurai code that required a samurai to give up his life if necessary to protect his lord's life.

6. Confucian ideas of duty was important to Japan during the feudal times.

7.6 Students analyze the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social structures of the civilizations of Medieval Europe.

1. Pope Gregory VII wrote a document stating popes were higher in class than kings.

2. Churches were a big influence on the people especially because church bells controls when the people go to work, when they rest, and went they go to worship service.

3. Religious disrupt caused four of eight wars fought by Europeans. These wars was an attempt to regain the holy land.

4.Even though Crusades resulted in people dying trade increased and military technology prospered.

5. The Great Plague was a major event that caused the people to think that God punished them through the plague.

6. Medici family ruled several city states and were involved with banking.

7.Look at pg. 311: The Great Plague, 1346-1353 Map

8. Europe used feudalism. Look at picture for the feudal system.

9.Know the history of the decline of Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula that culminated in the Reconquista and the rise of Spanish and Portuguese kingdoms.

7.7 Students compare and contrast the geographic, political, economic, religious, and social and structures of the Mesoamerican and Andean civilizations.

1.Study the locations, landforms, and climates of Mexico, Central America, and South America and their effects on Mayan, Aztec, and Incan economies, trade, and development of urban societies.

2.Study the roles of people in each society, including class structures, family life, war-fare, religious beliefs and practices, and slavery.

3.Explain how and where each empire arose and how the Aztec and Incan empires were defeated by the Spanish.

4.Describe the artistic and oral traditions and architecture in the three civilizations.

5.Describe the Meso-American achievements in astronomy and mathematics, including the development of the calendar and the Meso-American knowledge of seasonal changes to the civilizations' agricultural systems.

7.8 Students analyze the origins, accomplishments, and geographic diffusion of the Renaissance.

1. The longest war that started in 1337 in Medieval Europe was called Hundred Years War.

2. During this war, the French started to sink until a young woman named Joan of Arc to help revive the French. She received messages from God telling her that she could help the French drive the English away.

3. Hundred Years' War was a turning point in military technology. The introduction of guns and gunpowder to Europe began in the 1320s.

4. During the Middle Ages, Europe believed in superstitions. When the people were troubled they turned to scapegoats.

5. The Renaissance humanist focused on individual worth, public service, and development of skills and talents.

6. Leonardo da Vinci was one the the greatest Renaissance artist that is widely known for the Mona Lisa.

7.9 Students analyze the historical developments of the Reformation.

1. The Counter Reformation helped to correct several church abuses.

2. Major Churches During the Reformation

Religion Time Founded Founders Admininistrators

Roman Catholic 500s Popes Pope,Councils, Bishops

Lutheran 1529 Martin Luther Congregation, Local Rulers

Church of England 1534 Henry VIII King of England

Calvinist 1546 John Calvin Presbytery (Council of Elders)

3. Deciders Erasmus wanted to reform the church and he believed that church teachings should be easy for everyone to understand.

4. Identify and locate the European regions that remained Catholic and those that became Protestant and explain how the division affected the distribution of religions in the New World.

5. Identify and locate the European regions that remained Catholic and those that became Protestant and explain how the division affected the distribution of religions in the New World.

6.Understand the institution and impact of missionaries on Christianity and the diffusion of Christianity from Europe to other parts of the world in the medieval and early modern periods; locate missions on a world map.

7.Describe the Golden Age of cooperation between Jews and Muslims in medieval Spain that promoted creativity in art, literature, and science, including how that cooperation was terminated by the religious persecution of individuals and groups (e.g., the Spanish Inquisition and the expulsion of Jews and Muslims from Spain in 1492).

7.10 Students analyze the historical development of the Scientific Revolution and its lasting effect in religious, political, and cultural institutions.

1. Discuss the roots of the Scientific Revolution (e.g., Greek rationalism; Jewish, Christian, and Muslim science; Renaissance humanism; new knowledge from global exploration).

2. Understand the significance of the new scientific theories (e.g., those of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Newton) and the significance of new inventions (e.g., the telescope, microscope, thermometer, barometer).

3.Understand the scientific method advanced by Bacon and Descartes, the influence of new scientific rationalism on the growth of democratic ideas, and the coexistence of science with traditional religious beliefs.

7.11 Students analyze political and economic change in the world.

1.Know the great voyages of discovery, the locations of the routes, and the influence of cartography in the development of a new European worldview.

2.Discuss the exchanges of plants, animals, technology, culture, and ideas among Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and the major economic and social effects on each continent.

3.Examine the origins of modern capitalism; the influence of mercantilism and cottage industry; the elements and importance of a market economy in seventeenth-century Europe; the changing international trading and marketing patterns, including their locations on a world map; and the influence of explorers and map makers.

4.Explain how the main ideas of the Enlightenment can be traced back to such movements as the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Scientific Revolution and to the Greeks, Romans, and Christianity.

5.Describe how democratic thought and institutions were influenced by Enlightenment thinkers (e.g., John Locke, Charles-Louis Montesquieu, American founders).

6.Discuss how the principles in the Magna Carta were embodied in such documents as the English Bill of Rights and the American Declaration of Independence.

1. Roman Empire fell because of decline of moral and values, corruption of political value, and military strategy.
2. Weaknesses in the Roman Empire included over taxation, barbarian invasions, and corruption in the government, borders too vast to protect and manage, and food shortages.
3. Before the fall of Rome, they contributed the rise of Christianity, art, architecture, engineering, and philosophy.

1. People formed tribes to survive through the desert. Towns grew up around oases.
2. Seasons affected the nomad's lives Water determined where people gathered and what route they took.
3. Islam contributions include Algebra, Zoology, irrigation, chess, calligraphy, and polo.
4. The five pillars of Islam include profession of faith, pray five times a day, giving alms, fasting, and Hag.
5. Mecca was an important trade center, because of a natural oasis, sacred meeting place, Kaaba was the site of the first mosque.
6. Muhammad was the prophet of the religion.

1. During the Han Dynasty Confucianism was the main religion. Han dynasty fell to invaders. After, Buddhism became the main religion.
2.During Tang/Song dynasties the meritocracy system was used where promotion was based on achievement and performance. These dynasties also brought trade at its peak. Look at pg. 205 Tang and Song: Trade Routes and Canals in your social studies textbook.
3. Despite the size of the Great Wall it didn't protect China. Most workers died while working on the Wall.
4. During Mongol rule the Ming dynasty overthrew them.
5. Sui dynasty accepted the three religions of Confucianism, Buddhism, and Daoism.
6. Qing dynasty made China double in size.

1.The people of Ghana formed social classes and trade networks.
2.Sudiata (king of mali) on improving agriculture. Mali's economy was based on trade.
3.The Sahra southern border is known as the sahel or shore of the desert.
4.The Nok were the first West Africans to make iron. The Nok found practical uses for iron such as, spears and iron tools.
5.West Africans had a plentiful supply of gold but not salt. Salt was needed in their diet since their body looses it through perspiration.

1. Mountain and hills cover most of Japan, leaving only 20 percent to farmers.
2. The early religion of Japan was Shinto. Believing that the natural world is filled with divine spirits.
3.The samurai's practiced Buddhism and Shintoism. The knights prayed to Jesus Christ.
4. Medieval Japan used a form of feudalism.
5. Medieval Japan was similar to Medieval Europe because they used a code of conduct called chivalry and bushido. Chivalry was a code of conduct for knights that praised courtesy, honor, defending the weak, and loyalty to one's lord. Bushido was a samurai code that required a samurai to give up his life if necessary to protect his lord's life.
6. Confucian ideas of duty was important to Japan during the feudal times.

1. Pope Gregory VII wrote a document stating popes were higher in class than kings.
2. Churches were a big influence on the people especially because church bells controls when the people go to work, when they rest, and went they go to worship service.
3. Religious disrupt caused four of eight wars fought by Europeans. These wars was an attempt to regain the holy land.
4.Even though Crusades resulted in people dying trade increased and military technology prospered.
5. The Great Plague was a major event that caused the people to think that God punished them through the plague.
6. Medici family ruled several city states and were involved with banking.
7.Look at pg. 311: The Great Plague, 1346-1353 Map
8. Europe used feudalism. Look at picture for the feudal system.
9.Know the history of the decline of Muslim rule in the Iberian Peninsula that culminated in the Reconquista and the rise of Spanish and Portuguese kingdoms.

1.Study the locations, landforms, and climates of Mexico, Central America, and South America and their effects on Mayan, Aztec, and Incan economies, trade, and development of urban societies.
2.Study the roles of people in each society, including class structures, family life, war-fare, religious beliefs and practices, and slavery.
3.Explain how and where each empire arose and how the Aztec and Incan empires were defeated by the Spanish.
4.Describe the artistic and oral traditions and architecture in the three civilizations.
5.Describe the Meso-American achievements in astronomy and mathematics, including the development of the calendar and the Meso-American knowledge of seasonal changes to the civilizations' agricultural systems.

1. The longest war that started in 1337 in Medieval Europe was called Hundred Years War.
2. During this war, the French started to sink until a young woman named Joan of Arc to help revive the French. She received messages from God telling her that she could help the French drive the English away.
3. Hundred Years' War was a turning point in military technology. The introduction of guns and gunpowder to Europe began in the 1320s.
4. During the Middle Ages, Europe believed in superstitions. When the people were troubled they turned to scapegoats.
5. The Renaissance humanist focused on individual worth, public service, and development of skills and talents.
6. Leonardo da Vinci was one the the greatest Renaissance artist that is widely known for the Mona Lisa.

1. Discuss the roots of the Scientific Revolution (e.g., Greek rationalism; Jewish, Christian, and Muslim science; Renaissance humanism; new knowledge from global exploration).
2. Understand the significance of the new scientific theories (e.g., those of Copernicus, Galileo, Kepler, Newton) and the significance of new inventions (e.g., the telescope, microscope, thermometer, barometer).
3.Understand the scientific method advanced by Bacon and Descartes, the influence of new scientific rationalism on the growth of democratic ideas, and the coexistence of science with traditional religious beliefs.

1.Know the great voyages of discovery, the locations of the routes, and the influence of cartography in the development of a new European worldview.
2.Discuss the exchanges of plants, animals, technology, culture, and ideas among Europe, Africa, Asia, and the Americas in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries and the major economic and social effects on each continent.
3.Examine the origins of modern capitalism; the influence of mercantilism and cottage industry; the elements and importance of a market economy in seventeenth-century Europe; the changing international trading and marketing patterns, including their locations on a world map; and the influence of explorers and map makers.
4.Explain how the main ideas of the Enlightenment can be traced back to such movements as the Renaissance, the Reformation, and the Scientific Revolution and to the Greeks, Romans, and Christianity.
5.Describe how democratic thought and institutions were influenced by Enlightenment thinkers (e.g., John Locke, Charles-Louis Montesquieu, American founders).
6.Discuss how the principles in the Magna Carta were embodied in such documents as the English Bill of Rights and the American Declaration of Independence.